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<b><span style="font-size:22.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#333333">ICANN takes action as Asia runs out of Internet addresses<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#999999">September 12, 2011, 11:31pm<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">MANILA, Philippines — Asia ran out of Internet address space (Internet Protocol version 4 or IPv4) last month. Hence, “Transition to the next-generation address space protocol, IPv6,
is critical and proving to be difficult.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Judith Duavit-Vazquez, the first Filipino woman to become Director of the global body governing the web - the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) issued the
warning in a press briefing the other day.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">ICANN coordinates the internet’s unique identifiers – Domain Names and IP Addresses – so computers will find each other.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">“Due to the large Asia Pacific population, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have no option but to adopt IPv6 to serve the billions of unserved Internet users,” she stressed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">To complicate matters, internet access in Asia remains low – only 922 million are active Internet users out of a population of 3.8 billion as of March 2011. Countries in the region
are still challenged in terms of connectivity due to geographical challenges, cost of access and technology.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Hence, among ICANN’s strategic thrusts is the launch of the Internationalized Domain Names for Country Code Top-Level Domains (IDN ccTLD) Fast Track Process. This enables countries
and territories using languages based on scripts other than Latin to offer users domain names in non-Latin characters.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">A country's name and domain names may now be written in local scripts. Some of the native Asian languages that can be applied for IDN are Chinese, Hindi, Russian, Arabic, Thai, among
others. As of this writing, current number of ICANN received Fast Track requests are 33 (representing 22 languages).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">The current Internet is an “Internet of the West” due to the use of Roman alphabets, ICANN’s new Director pointed out. “The IDN process will truly establish ICANN’s vision statement
of “one world, one Internet, everyone on it.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Even the Philippines has a long way to go remarked Duavit-Vazquez who sees herself as the "Asian voice" of the governing body.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">“The Internet and the envied web-entrepreneur class in countries like the United States were created by private equity investments and capital markets,” she cited.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">“The Philippine government can spur innovation by reviewing and amending antique laws and regulations in telecommunications and media ownership that deter foreign investments. We
should consider an open skies policy allowing foreign telcos to bring traffic in and out of the country," she stressed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Under the 1987 Constitution, foreign ownership of public utility firms is currently limited to 40 percent, while media entities should be exclusively owned by Filipinos. Thus, opening
up requires amending the constitution.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Furthermore, “Our government has yet to embrace the Internet as its communications highway, our ISPs do not peer, our electricity and international bandwidth costs are among the highest
in the world driving content hosting to other nations and thus increasing latency,“ the ICANN Director enumerated.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">While 8 submarine cables terminate in the country, the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Co. (PLDT) controls 7 of the cables.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">"In effect, they block out 47 foreign telcos, which accounts for the high voice termination costs and high bandwidth rates in the country," she pointed out. “Foreign telcos are not
allowed in the central business district. A local telecom company delivers terrestrial fibering into Philippine land."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Domestic peering can also lower costs. Traditionally, internet traffic is routed via international peering points regardless of where they originate. When a user of one local telco
calls a user of another telco, the traffic goes out of the country before reaching its destination, although both originate and end in the same country.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">When a common peering point is established locally, the traffic doesn't have to go outside the country anymore. But competing ISPs need a neutral peering site.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">“The world’s more than 450 peering points are located either in government or in the largest scientific learning base of the country, which is the university," she went on. Unfortunately,
an "infrastructure mistake" has stalemated local efforts for establishing a co-location point.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">The Philippine Open Internet Exchange was hosted at Globe Telecom's MK2 data center in Makati. Rival Smart Communications Inc. and parent firm PLDT naturally opposed domestic peering.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:left;background:white;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Also, "If I am a big telecom ISP like PLDT with 60 percent market share, will I allow a small Internet provider in the province to piggyback on my market? There’s a financial consideration
at stake."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:left;background:white;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">Needless to say, "At this point in time, we don't have a neutral colocation site in the country except one: PHCOLO, which I founded and puts me in a conflict of interest," Duavit-Vazquez
noted.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">“What
</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333">the government could do, through the Advanced Science and Technology Institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DoST-ASTI), is co-locate one server rack in their
facility to act as the domestic peering point.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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